2024 Keratin granulations vs fungus

This is the buildup of white superficial fungus on top of the toenail. If you just removed your toenail polish, this may not be fungus. It may be something called keratin granulations. This may not be fungus if you have white horizontal lines or white horizontal ridges on your toenails. It is also possible to get it throughout the entire nail .... Oreillys jerseyville il

Apr 23, 2024 · Zinc undecylenate and undecylenic acid: They're both FDA-approved ingredients to treat toenail fungus. Azole: If you seek help from a dermatologist, they will likely prescribe medications in the “azole” family. Dr. Lipner says that azoles interfere with fungal cell membrane production, killing the fungus. Keratin granulations are when the top of the nail plate becomes dehydrated. Toenail polish dehydrates the nail plate, causes the collagen molecules to become white and chalky. Keratin granulations are the white film the develops on top of your toenails. This is usually not toenail fungus but the dehydrated protein that builds up on your ... Superficial granulation of keratin is often reported in patients wearing nail polish for months, sometimes applying it over the previous coating. In this way NP keratins undergo to a gradual ‘granulation’ or exfoliation with the formation of small white-yellow patches and striations (Fig. 4). Keratin degranulation is a type of ...I had the exact same happen to me, podiatrist tested for fungus & came back negative, it’s deff keratin granulation, I left nail polish on for a little over a month maybe longer because it wasn’t chipping and it looked so pretty but now it’s been 4 months no nail polish and my nails are still recovering… still very dry and brittle even tho all the white stuff grew out but deff keep ...Enhanced Comfort: By addressing keratin granulation, you can alleviate any discomfort or pain associated with this condition, making everyday activities more enjoyable. Prevention of Infections: Treating keratin granulation reduces the risk of infections and potential complications that can arise from untreated conditions. III. …Add your thoughts and get the conversation going. r/NailFungus. This is a common enough complaint that it deserves its own sub. Help Reddit find remedies that help manage …Jun 29, 2016 ... Time will tell if this ointment truly can eradicate fungus or, by virtue of its ointment properties, simply creates a more hydrated nail unit ...For example, if a person has keratosis pilaris, a hereditary type of hyperkeratosis, they may also experience redness in the affected skin area. Common symptoms of hyperkeratosis include: Symptoms by Type of Hyperkeratosis. Epidermolytic hyperkeratosis. Red skin; severe blisters; thickening and darkening of the skin on the …This is the buildup of white superficial fungus on top of the toenail. If you just removed your toenail polish, this may not be fungus. It may be something called keratin granulations. This may not be fungus if you have white horizontal lines or white horizontal ridges on your toenails. It is also possible to get it throughout the entire nail ... Toenail fungus or keratin granulation? 28F, 5’8” 125 lbs non smoker USA. I just took off my toenail polish which has been on for almost a month and noticed this. Any chance it’s not toenail fungus, or is it time to schedule a derm appointment? pic. This thread is archived. New comments cannot be posted and votes cannot be cast. Toenail fungus causes keratin debris, or a buildup of keratin underneath the nail, creating a crusty yellow-whitish appearance.Oct 24, 2021 - At The Summit Spa, many of our clients already know what this is but for those that don’t here’s the lowdown! If after removing your toenail polish, you see these white chalky patches then in most cases it is a condition called keratin granulations. These occur from constant polish wearing. This is not a fungus but can look much like itBacterial infections, produced by single-celled organisms such as staphylococcus, are frequently characterised by redness, swelling, and pus. They react nicely to antibiotics. In contrast, fungal infections, which are caused by mold-like organisms, typically grow in damp regions and produce itching, scaling, and a distinctive look.Aug 29, 2023 ... I cannot tell if I have a fungus or keratin granulations. Can you help? 1-22Reply. 2. dldldl89. what if Im pregnant and I cant take anything ...Granulomas form in response to chronic inflammation. Accordingly, the most common cause of granulomas are infections. Caseating granulomas are formed by infections, such as tuberculosis and fungal infections. Noncaseating granulomas may be formed by an inflammatory condition (e.g., sarcoidosis and Crohn disease ), vasculitis, …Nov 26, 2023 · Definition: Keratin debris refers to an accumulation of dead skin cells and keratin protein, typically found in areas such as the hair follicles, nails, or skin. Composition: It primarily consists of keratin, a tough protein that forms the structural component of our skin, hair, and nails. Appearance: Keratin debris can manifest as white or ... Introduction. The prevalence of fungal infection is far greater than might be thought. Fungal infections of skin, hair and nail have been estimated to affect one to two billion people worldwide, mucosal candida infections affect tens of millions of people, and serious fungal infections affect 150 million people (1, 2).Mortality from the serious … These photos are of dehydrated superficial nail keratin granulations vs. other toenail conditions. Keratin granulations are white chalky appearing dehydration. It is possible that some toenail fungus could be mixed in with the keratin granulations. It is also possible to have superficial white onychomycosis. Causes. Keratin granulation is generally caused by wearing nail polish for too long, using dehydrating nail polish remover too often, or constantly exposing your nails to harsh or drying chemicals (like cleaning products, for example). All of these products can dry out the nails, causing the keratin molecules of the nail plate to clump together ...There are three reasons keratin granulation occurs: Wearing nail polish for too long. Using dehydrating nail polish remover too often – e.g., acetone based nail polish removers. Long-term exposure to harsh chemicals (like cleaning products, for example). All of these products can dry out the nails, causing the keratin molecules of the nail ...Best Toenail Fungus Products: Toenail Fungus Best Treatment Products. These are our favorite products to treat toenail fungus at home. Keratin Granulations are very easily taken care of through moisturizing your nails with cuticle wax, oils and simply avoiding nail polish for a little while.The most common one is a dermatophyte — a specific type of fungus that feeds on keratin, a protein that is found plentifully in nails. ... Toenail fungus can start as a case of athlete's foot ...This patient has keratin granulations that are due to nail polish removal. There's something in nail polish remover that sometimes can cause the nails to have this white chalky appearance. ... These patients get a scaly, fungal-looking (although it's not a fungus), psoriasis-looking hyperkeratosis around their nails due to a malignancy in ...Granulomatous dermatitis (GD) is one of the commonest tissue reaction patterns encountered in dermatopathology practice. Granulomatous inflammation in the skin can be seen in a wide range of conditions, some of which are confined to the skin, while some involve skin as a part of systemic disease. Thus, granulomatous dermatitis …This is a common enough complaint that it deserves its own sub. Help Reddit find remedies that help manage toenail and fingernail fungus. Please no product spamming. Claiming that only Terbinafine pills work is considered product spamming. We want to hear your first-hand experience with what works and what doesn't. See our Wiki page for our advice.Fungal elements were detectable in KOH, CFW-KOH, and CSB-KOH preparation via green, white, and blue colors, respectively (Fig. 2). The fungal element cell walls stained blue against the purplish background of cellular debris by CSB stain and were easily discerned even on scanner view (≤10 × magnification) compared to the KOH and/or …This can cause damage to the toenail bed, preventing future attachment of the toenail. It is also possible to get superficial white onychomycosis. This is the buildup of white superficial fungus on top of the toenail. If you just removed your toenail polish, this may not be fungus. It may be something called keratin granulations.These photos are of dehydrated superficial nail keratin granulations vs. other toenail conditions. Keratin granulations are white chalky appearing dehydration. It is possible that some toenail fungus could be mixed in with the keratin granulations. It is also possible to have superficial white onychomycosis.Keratin granulations are dehydrated superficial layers of nail cells that result in white, rough, and uneven dry patches on the top of the nail. Prolonged use of nail polish – as well as acetone-based nail polish removers – dries out the surface of your toenails and can lead to these keratin granulations."9 Jul 2022 Keratin granulations and fading toenail surfaces might eventually develop toenail fungus if left untreated for an extended period of time. Toenail fungus can be caused by wearing nail polish. However, it is typically referred to as keratin granulations . Dehydrated toenail protein is a largely innocuous white chalky material."keratin granulation: A reaction to nail polish that causes nails to turn chalky white, which may be confused with white superficial onychomycosis.Dec 11, 2020 · Majocchi’s granuloma, also known as fungal folliculitis, is a rare form of tinea corporis that occurs when dermatophytes penetrate the skin through damaged hair follicles, causing a deep skin infection. In otherwise healthy individuals, Majocchi’s granuloma presents with small skin lesions and inflamed hair follicles in areas that are prone ... Dermatophytosis, also known as ‘ringworm’ or ‘tinea’, refers to a skin infection caused by a dermatophyte, a keratinophilic and keratinolytic fungus ( Chermette et al., 2008; Mendez-Tovar, 2010; Robert and Pihet, 2008 ). Dermatophytes are a group of closely related filamentous fungi that are able to invade the stratum corneum of the ...Do you have Keratin granulations or toenail fungus? If so then try our keratin granulations home treatment guide! Keratin granulations can occur when the toe...Nov 20, 2019 · Superficial granulation of keratin is often reported in patients wearing nail polish for months, sometimes applying it over the previous coating. In this way NP keratins undergo to a gradual ‘granulation’ or exfoliation with the formation of small white-yellow patches and striations (Fig. 4). Keratin degranulation is a type of ... These photos are of dehydrated superficial nail keratin granulations vs. other toenail conditions. Keratin granulations are white chalky appearing dehydration. It is possible that some toenail fungus could be mixed in with the keratin granulations. It is also possible to have superficial white onychomycosis. Jul 12, 2023 · Trauma. "The most common cause of a white spot is trauma," Lipner says. And, when trauma is the culprit, it's often from manicuring. Filing, gel manicures and cutting and pushing cuticles can all ... It is also possible to get superficial white onychomycosis. This is the buildup of white superficial fungus on top of the toenail. If you just removed your toenail polish, this may not be fungus. It may be something called keratin granulations. This may not be fungus if you have white horizontal lines or white horizontal ridges on your toenails.Opting for nail polishes free of potentially harmful ingredients may help with keratin granulations, as well, says Eskander. She recommends polishes where the formulas are labeled "7-free" or higher .The KRT3 gene provides instructions for making a protein called keratin 3. Learn about this gene and related health conditions. The KRT3 gene provides instructions for making a pro...It is also possible to get superficial white onychomycosis. This is the buildup of white superficial fungus on top of the toenail. If you just removed your toenail polish, this may not be fungus. It may be something called keratin granulations. This may not be fungus if you have white horizontal lines or white horizontal ridges on your toenails.White Toenail Fungus. Officially called onychomycosis, nail fungus is a common cause of white spots on toenails. A toenail fungal infection typically presents as a white or yellow-brown spot under the tip …Features. Dermatophytosis is an infection of hair shafts and stratum corneum caused by keratinophilic fungi. It occurs commonly in dogs and cats, with highest incidences reported in kittens, puppies, immunocompromised animals, and long-haired cats. Persian cats and Yorkshire and Jack Russell terriers appear to be predisposed. There are three reasons keratin granulation occurs: Wearing nail polish for too long. Using dehydrating nail polish remover too often – e.g., acetone based nail polish removers. Long-term exposure to harsh chemicals (like cleaning products, for example). All of these products can dry out the nails, causing the keratin molecules of the nail ... Dermatophytosis, also known as ‘ringworm’ or ‘tinea’, refers to a skin infection caused by a dermatophyte, a keratinophilic and keratinolytic fungus ( Chermette et al., 2008; Mendez-Tovar, 2010; Robert and Pihet, 2008 ). Dermatophytes are a group of closely related filamentous fungi that are able to invade the stratum corneum of the ...It may be something called keratin granulations. This may not be fungus if you have white horizontal lines or white horizontal ridges on your toenails. It is also possible to get it throughout the entire nail, or the nail is destroyed and is dead. The good news is these are all very treatable! So click on the photos for gallery mode & description!Assessing the nail and ensuring the issue is caused by keratin granulation and not a fungal infection to ensure that the correct treatment is undertaken. If the issue is caused by a fungal infection, treatment may take a route including our Erchonia Lunula Laser device , which provides a low-level laser therapy, anti-fungal medication (oral or ...The most common one is a dermatophyte — a specific type of fungus that feeds on keratin, a protein that is found plentifully in nails. However, yeast or mold can also cause toenail fungal ...Home Remedies. Foot Fungus. Discolored Toenails from Nail Polish [Causes, Signs & Best Treatment] Discolored Toenails from Nail Polish are 90% of the time caused by …The white markings all seem to be uniformly spaced where old polish has grown out which would indicate keratin granulations. Fungal markings look more random. It’s best to leave nails natural for a while in between pedicures and oil them to prevent this from happening in the future.It may be something called keratin granulations. This may not be fungus if you have white horizontal lines or white horizontal ridges on your toenails. ... This is great for sealing even dehydrated keratin granulations. Cons: 0% chance of working if your toenail is loose and has no blood supply. Make sure you trim and file any loose finger or ...I had the exact same happen to me, podiatrist tested for fungus & came back negative, it’s deff keratin granulation, I left nail polish on for a little over a month maybe longer …Key Differences. Fungus and fungi are terms related to the kingdom of spore-producing organisms, which include mushrooms, molds, and yeasts. Fungus is the singular form that refers to a single organism, while fungi is the plural form that refers to more than one organism of this type. These terms are essential for identifying and …Best Toenail Fungus Products: Toenail Fungus Best Treatment Products. These are our favorite products to treat toenail fungus at home. Keratin Granulations are very easily taken care of through moisturizing your nails with cuticle wax, oils and simply avoiding nail polish for a little while.These photos are of dehydrated superficial nail keratin granulations vs. other toenail conditions. Keratin granulations are white chalky appearing dehydration. It is possible that some toenail fungus could be mixed in with the keratin granulations. It is also possible to have superficial white onychomycosis.Arachnoid granulations (AGs) are tufts of arachnoid membrane invaginated into the dural sinuses through which cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) enters the venous system. The lesions are primarily located in the parasagittal region along the superior sagittal sinus [ 1 ], which is occasionally seen at the transverse sinus.Best Toenail Fungus Products: Toenail Fungus Best Treatment Products. These are our favorite products to treat toenail fungus at home. Keratin Granulations are very easily taken care of through moisturizing your nails with cuticle wax, oils and simply avoiding nail polish for a little while.These photos are of dehydrated superficial nail keratin granulations vs. other toenail conditions. Keratin granulations are white chalky appearing dehydration. It is possible that some toenail fungus could be mixed in with the keratin granulations. It is also possible to have superficial white onychomycosis.This patient actually does not have white superficial onychomycosis. This patient has keratin granulations that are due to nail polish removal. There's something in nail polish remover that sometimes can cause the nails to have this white chalky appearance. This is not a fungus. [Keratin granulations are when the top of the nail plate becomes dehydrated. Toenail polish dehydrates the nail plate, causes the collagen molecules to become white and chalky. Keratin granulations are the white film the develops on top of your toenails. This is usually not toenail fungus but the dehydrated protein that builds up on your ...Keratin Granulations are very easily taken care of through moisturizing your nails with cuticle wax, oils and simply avoiding nail polish for a little while. It is unnecessary to buy anything expensive or online; it is fine to use a product like Vaseline or any other petroleum oil in most circumstances.These photos are of dehydrated superficial nail keratin granulations vs. other toenail conditions. Keratin granulations are white chalky appearing dehydration. It is possible that some toenail fungus could be mixed in with the keratin granulations. It is also possible to have superficial white onychomycosis.Granulomatous dermatitis (GD) is one of the commonest tissue reaction patterns encountered in dermatopathology practice. Granulomatous inflammation in the skin can be seen in a wide range of conditions, some of which are confined to the skin, while some involve skin as a part of systemic disease. Thus, granulomatous dermatitis …Jul 10, 2017 · Do you have Keratin granulations or toenail fungus? If so then try our keratin granulations home treatment guide! Keratin granulations can occur when the toe... Ciclopirox. Griseofulvin. Alternatives. Home remedies. Preventions. Consulting a doctor. Summary. Oral and topical antifungals are the two main treatment methods for nail fungus infection. Oral ...The chips degrade when exposed to a common fungus. Wood-based computer chips are a reality, and they could make the recycling of electronics a much simpler task. Developed at the U...Foot fungus is a condition that can take many forms including athlete’s foot and toenail fungus, all of which are caused by microscopic fungi organisms that make their way into or ... Keratin granulations can be treated by moisturizing the nail. To expedite resolution of the problem, one can gently buff the nail with a super-fine-grit buffer in order to remove any surface abnormalities. A nail polish holiday for several weeks will also help treat keratin granulations.2015. jún. 29. This is a common enough complaint that it deserves its own sub. Help Reddit find remedies that help manage toenail and fingernail fungus. Please no product spamming. Claiming that only Terbinafine pills work is considered product spamming. We want to hear your first-hand experience with what works and what doesn't. See our Wiki page for our advice. Best Toenail Fungus Products: Toenail Fungus Best Treatment Products. These are our favorite products to treat toenail fungus at home. Keratin Granulations are very easily taken care of through moisturizing your nails with cuticle wax, oils and simply avoiding nail polish for a little while.Several methods can be used to instantly kill toenail fungus. Depending on the severity of the infection and the location of the fungus, the treatments available range from professional medical interventions to over-the-counter products. Some of the professional treatments include: oral tablets; topical treatment creams; keratin …The differential diagnosis of keratin granulations is a fungus called white superficial onychomycosis which should be treated by a podiatrist. Luckily superficial white onychomycosis is the most easily treated fungus.In medical terms this is called onychomycosis or tinea unguium,” says Batra. The fungal infection breaks down the keratin in the nail to form a white or yellow chalky substance under the nail ...White Toenail Fungus. Officially called onychomycosis, nail fungus is a common cause of white spots on toenails. A toenail fungal infection typically presents as a white or yellow-brown spot under the tip … These photos are of dehydrated superficial nail keratin granulations vs. other toenail conditions. Keratin granulations are white chalky appearing dehydration. It is possible that some toenail fungus could be mixed in with the keratin granulations. It is also possible to have superficial white onychomycosis. These photos are of dehydrated superficial nail keratin granulations vs. other toenail conditions. Keratin granulations are white chalky appearing dehydration. It is possible that some toenail fungus could be mixed in with the keratin granulations. It is also possible to have superficial white onychomycosis.But it’s time to nail the lid shut on the age-old beauty myth that nails can actually breathe, because let’s face it: They can’t breathe, meaning nails do not need to breathe . The nail plate that makes up the hard, polish-able area of your fingernails and toenails is made up of non-living keratin (just like your hair).Key Differences. Fungus and fungi are terms related to the kingdom of spore-producing organisms, which include mushrooms, molds, and yeasts. Fungus is the singular form that refers to a single organism, while fungi is the plural form that refers to more than one organism of this type. These terms are essential for identifying and …At first I was horrified and thought it was nail fungal infection but after consulting a chiropodist it has been ruled out - google has led me to images of something called "Keratin Granulations" which can be confused with fungal infection but is in fact caused by a reaction to nail polish or nail polish remover.White toenail fungus & keratin granulations can be improved with a few simple treatment changes. We are foot doctors & we see this problem get better almost every day. The …According to Stern, there are five main signs that your nails need a rest from your weekly manicure appointments: the appearance of keratin granulation (rough and white patches on the surface of ...This is great for sealing even dehydrated keratin granulations. All natural, relatively cost effective. 1,000s of reviews with excellent results. Very clean and quick drying, easy to apply. ... How to fix toenail fungus: There are many different types of toenail damage. In our experience, about 90% or more is related to toenail fungus. ...These photos are of dehydrated superficial nail keratin granulations vs. other toenail conditions. Keratin granulations are white chalky appearing dehydration. It is possible that some toenail fungus could be mixed in with the keratin granulations. It is also possible to have superficial white onychomycosis.The onset of inflammation of the cyst results from rupture to the cyst wall and extrusion of the keratinous contents of the cyst into the dermis. The extruded keratin elicits an inflammatory response, hence the name “keratin granuloma.” The cause of cyst rupture remains uncertain. Bacterial infection may or may not contribute to cyst rupture.Zinc undecylenate and undecylenic acid: They're both FDA-approved ingredients to treat toenail fungus. Azole: If you seek help from a dermatologist, they will likely prescribe medications in the “azole” family. Dr. Lipner says that azoles interfere with fungal cell membrane production, killing the fungus. These photos are of dehydrated superficial nail keratin granulations vs. other toenail conditions. Keratin granulations are white chalky appearing dehydration. It is possible that some toenail fungus could be mixed in with the keratin granulations. It is also possible to have superficial white onychomycosis. Keratin Granuloma (inflamed or ruptured cyst, inflamed or ruptured epidermal inclusion cyst, inflamed or ruptured epidermoid cyst, inflamed or ruptured …There is no “miracle supplement” to strengthen our nails, emphasized board-certified dermatologist Dr. Dana Stern, who specializes in nail health. Mostly, the best way to strengthen our nails ...Since the root causes of nail psoriasis and nail fungus are different, the ways they’re both treated are also different. “For nail fungus, you’re trying to treat an infection, so you’re ...It may be something called keratin granulations. This may not be fungus if you have white horizontal lines or white horizontal ridges on your toenails. It is also possible to get it throughout the entire nail, or the nail is destroyed and is dead. The good news is these are all very treatable! So click on the photos for gallery mode & description!

"9 Jul 2022 Keratin granulations and fading toenail surfaces might eventually develop toenail fungus if left untreated for an extended period of time. Toenail fungus can be caused by wearing nail polish. However, it is typically referred to as keratin granulations . Dehydrated toenail protein is a largely innocuous white chalky material.". Joann fabrics greenville sc

This is the buildup of white superficial fungus on top of the toenail. If you just removed your toenail polish, this may not be fungus. It may be something called keratin granulations. This may not be fungus if you have white horizontal lines … Sorry if it’s gross 🤦‍♂️ but i’ve had this maybe 4-5 months and Idk if it’s fungus or an ingrown toenail! Just some opinions would be nice, thanks! mementomoriok If it looks like this picture…good news, it’s NOT a fungus! These white patches are called Keratin Granulations. Keratin Granulations are dehydrated parts of toenail where the superficial layers of toenail have been removed by either a chemical in the nail polish or polish remover.To me it looks like keratin granulations as someone else has mentioned above. White demarcations can look very similar to fungus but my hunch is it’s not. To error on the …Since the root causes of nail psoriasis and nail fungus are different, the ways they’re both treated are also different. “For nail fungus, you’re trying to treat an infection, so you’re ...Request an Appointment Now. Don't let fungal toenails cause you embarrassment or to miss out on activities you enjoy! Complete the contact form on this page or call our office, the Foot and Ankle Center of Lake City, at 206-368-7000 to schedule an appointment with Dr. Rion Berg. Most new patients are seen within 1-2 week's time.These photos are of dehydrated superficial nail keratin granulations vs. other toenail conditions. Keratin granulations are white chalky appearing dehydration. It is possible that some toenail fungus could be mixed in with the keratin granulations. It is also possible to have superficial white onychomycosis.Popcorn ceiling texture has been both a blessing and a curse for homeowners. Popcorn ceilings refer to the granulated “popcorn looking” ceiling texture Expert Advice On Improving Y...While keratin granulations aren’t exactly classified as “fungus,” they can make your nails more susceptible to developing fungus. Dry toenails are also prone to …If after removing your toenail polish, you see these white chalky patches then in most cases it is a condition called keratin granulation. These occur from constant polish wearing. This is not a fungus but can look much like it and can trigger a fungus so it is important to treat it. Keratin granulations occur because the polish dries out the ...Patches of yellow or orange coloring under the nail (salmon patches) Thinning of the nail. Grooves on the surface of your nail. For nail fungus, symptoms to expect include: Discoloration, usually yellowing of the nail. Cracking of the nail. Changes in your nail shape. Dullness or dryness.Jun 26, 2022 ... If after removing your toenail polish, you see these white chalky patches then in most cases it is a condition called keratin granulation. These ...These photos are of dehydrated superficial nail keratin granulations vs. other toenail conditions. Keratin granulations are white chalky appearing dehydration. It is possible that some toenail fungus could be mixed in with the keratin granulations. It is also possible to have superficial white onychomycosis.In the United States, granulated sugar can be used in place of caster sugar in some recipes. This is especially true for recipes that require butter and sugar to be creamed togethe..."9 Jul 2022 Keratin granulations and fading toenail surfaces might eventually develop toenail fungus if left untreated for an extended period of time. Toenail fungus can be caused by wearing nail polish. However, it is typically referred to as keratin granulations . Dehydrated toenail protein is a largely innocuous white chalky material."Key Differences. Fungus and fungi are terms related to the kingdom of spore-producing organisms, which include mushrooms, molds, and yeasts. Fungus is the singular form that refers to a single organism, while fungi is the plural form that refers to more than one organism of this type. These terms are essential for identifying and …The most common type is called subungual onychomycosis. This is when the toenail fungus gets underneath the toenail and lifts the nail. This can cause damage to the toenail bed, preventing future attachment of the toenail. It is also possible to get superficial white onychomycosis. This is the buildup of white superficial fungus on top of the ....

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